NON-INVASIVE SCAR (SCARS) TREATMENT METHODS
Scars are the result of the healing process that occurs in the skin after surgical procedures, injuries or burns. However, in some cases, this process can progress outside of normal and cause hypertrophic or keloid scars to form. In this article, we will discuss non-invasive, i.e. non-surgical methods that help prevent scar formation and reduce the appearance of existing scars.

1. Pressure Therapy and Silicone Tapes
Pressure garments and silicone tapes are the first line of defense to prevent scar formation, especially in the post-surgical or post-traumatic period. The goals of these methods are:

Reducing mechanical stress in the wound area

Supporting healing by maintaining skin hydration (moisture)

Limiting collagen production by reducing myofibroblast activity

Especially effective results are obtained when used 23 hours a day for 6 months. However, long-term use may cause side effects such as maceration (softening), odor, and infection.

2. Moisturizing Creams and Silicone Gel Products
Even if wound healing is complete, the scar tissue continues to lose water. Therefore, moisturizers, silicone-based gels, and tapes create an occlusion (protective barrier) on the skin and:

Reduce water loss

Prevent collagen accumulation by regulating cellular signaling pathways

Contribute to reducing scar thickness and hardness

These treatments are usually started in the first weeks after trauma and are applied for at least 3 months.

3. Sunscreens
Sun rays can cause pigmentation (color change) and thickening in scars. Therefore, high-protection factor sunscreens should be used until scar maturation is complete. In this way, both the aesthetic appearance is preserved and scar worsening is prevented.

4. Topical (Applied) Drugs
Tacrolimus Cream
Tacrolimus, which has an immune system regulating effect, can reduce scar development by suppressing inflammation. Although experimental studies are promising, there are not enough clinical studies on humans.

Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)
This substance, a derivative of vitamin A, is especially effective in keloid scars by reducing collagen production. Although clinical data is limited, some studies show that it provides significant improvement in scar height and itching.

Imiquimod Cream
It is used as an adjuvant (supportive) treatment to prevent recurrence (re-formation) after keloid surgery. However, it should be used with caution as it can cause local irritation in some sensitive areas.

Antihistamine Creams
Sedating antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine) both reduce itching and can prevent scar formation by suppressing collagen production.

Allium Cepa Extract (Onion Extract)
This natural extract can improve scar appearance by reducing fibroblast activity. Its combined use with silicone gel can increase its effect.