What is Acne Rosacea?

Acne Rosacea is a chronic skin disease that usually occurs in the middle of the face and becomes permanent over time, with redness (erythema), swelling (edema), vascular dilatations (telangiectasia), inflamed red spots (papules) and acne-like blisters (pustules). Although it is still not clear what exactly triggers this disease, it is thought that some factors are effective. These include excessive oil production by the skin, digestive system problems, infections, exposure to extreme hot and cold weather, and psychological stress. It is also thought that the microscopic parasite Demodex folliculorum may play a role in the development of this disease. However, the exact effect of these factors has not yet been proven, so acne rosacea treatment is still a difficult process.

Many different methods have been tried in the treatment of this disease to date. In recent years, a drug called metronidazole has been included in the treatment process. At first, the effect of metronidazole in this disease was explained by killing parasites. However, later it was thought that this drug could be effective by regulating the immune system. Recent studies have shown that metronidazole works by combating inflammation.

This study investigated the effectiveness of topical (superficial) metronidazole use in the treatment of acne rosacea. The study was conducted on 50 acne rosacea patients who applied to a hospital in Ankara between 1989 and 1990. 25 patients were in the treatment group and 25 patients were in the control group. The patients were followed up regularly during the treatment. At the end of the study, a significant improvement was observed in the patients using metronidazole. In particular, redness (erythema) and inflammatory lesions (papules and pustules) decreased significantly. However, these changes were less in the patients in the control group. In addition, no side effects were observed during the treatment.

Acne rosacea is usually seen in individuals between the ages of 30 and 50, and especially in women. In our study, most of the patients were in this age group, and women were more affected than men. In addition, it was observed that some factors may play a role in the onset of this disease. For example, some patients are sensitive to hot weather, while others are sensitive to certain foods. However, it is not certain that these relationships have a direct effect on the disease. However, gastrointestinal (digestive system) problems and microscopic infections were also seen in some patients.

Although the exact basis of the effect of metronidazole is still not fully understood, many studies have shown that this drug improves the disease by combating inflammation in the skin. Our findings also support this view. While a significant improvement was seen in the patients during the treatment process, no local or systemic side effects occurred.

As a result, topical metronidazole stands out as a very effective option in the treatment of acne rosacea. In addition, this treatment method is more advantageous than other systemic treatments because the risk of side effects is almost non-existent.
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