What is Female Pattern Hair Loss? Symptoms, Causes and Scientific Treatment Methods


Hair loss is a problem that directly affects aesthetic concerns as well as self-confidence and quality of life in women. Female Pattern Hair Loss (FBP), also known as androgenetic alopecia in women, is a type of hair loss that develops due to genetic predisposition and hormonal factors and has a progressive feature.

In this article, we examine in detail the causes, clinical appearance and evidence-based treatment methods of androgenetic alopecia in women.

What is Female Pattern Hair Loss (FBP)?
FBP causes miniaturization (shrinkage) of hair follicles on the scalp, leading to the formation of thinner, shorter and sparser hair strands. Unlike androgenetic alopecia seen in men, the hairline is usually preserved in women and progresses in the form of widespread thinning.

FBP is a progressive condition and if it is not diagnosed early and appropriate treatment is not started, significant losses in hair density may develop.

Scientific Treatment Methods Applied in FPHL
1. Minoxidil
Minoxidil is the only topical treatment option approved by the FDA for women. It is available in 2% and 5% forms. Low doses are preferred. It prolongs the hair growth phase and improves hair quality. There may be a temporary increase in hair loss after application, but this is temporary.

Regular and long-term use is required for effectiveness. It is generally recommended to apply the 5% foam form once a day. Side effects such as facial hair growth may be observed during treatment.

2. 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors
This group of drugs prevents the conversion of testosterone to DHT. While it is widely used in men, its use in women is more limited. Drugs such as dutasteride and finasteride should be evaluated carefully. Side effects may include loss of libido, menstrual irregularities and headaches.

3. Spironolactone
It is a diuretic with antiandrogenic effect. It can be especially useful in FPHL due to hyperandrogenism. It is used in doses of 50-100 mg per day. Its effectiveness has been scientifically demonstrated. Due to side effects such as hypotension and hyperkalemia, medical supervision is essential.

4. Flutamide and Bicalutamide
These drugs act by binding to androgen receptors. Caution should be exercised during the use of flutamide due to the risk of liver toxicity. Bicalutamide is less toxic, but should still be administered under control in terms of systemic effects.

5. Prostaglandin Analogs
Drugs such as latanoprost and bimatoprost are effective in eyelash and eyebrow growth. Their effects on hair follicles in FPHL are in the research phase. Their clinical effectiveness has not been proven, but they can be considered as alternative support.

6. Nutritional Supplements
Micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamin D, iron, zinc, biotin, and B12 are thought to contribute to FPHL. Elimination of deficiencies may play a supportive role in treatment.

7. LLLT (Low Level Laser Therapy)
LLLT can increase hair growth by stimulating the hair follicles. It is one of the methods proven to be reliable for male and female pattern hair loss. An increase in hair quality can be observed with regular use.

8. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)
In PRP treatment, plasma obtained from the patient's own blood is injected into the scalp. The growth factors in it stimulate the hair follicles. A total of 3-4 sessions are applied at 3-4 week intervals. Its effect varies depending on personal factors.

9. Mesotherapy
In mesotherapy, vitamins and minerals that support the hair follicles are given to the scalp via micro injections. Although it is not as evidence-based as PRP, it can be used as a supportive treatment.

10. Microneedling
Microneedling is used alone or in combination with treatments such as PRP and minoxidil. It increases collagen production and revitalizes the hair follicles. There may be slight redness during the procedure.

11. Hair Simulation and Camouflage Products
Aesthetic camouflage methods such as powder keratin, spray, hair band, wig, hairline pigmentation offer temporary solutions. It increases psychological support especially in patients with low hair density.

12. Hair Transplantation
Hair transplantation is applied more limitedly in women than in men. Hair transplantation with the FUE technique can be considered especially in women with thinning in the frontal region. However, success rates vary.

Conclusion: PTSD Treatment Should Be Planned Specifically for the Person
Since female-type hair loss can develop due to many different reasons, treatment should also be planned specifically for the person. While topical treatments are sufficient for some patients, systemic treatment and support approaches may be required for others. Today, many agents are used in PTSD treatment and success rates vary according to personal factors.

When the appropriate treatment option is offered, the progression of the disease can be stopped and hair density can be increased.

If you are also experiencing hair loss, a scientific and effective treatment plan specific to you can be created with expert evaluation.

This topic was discussed with Dermatologist Doctor Fatma Yıldız at Ankara Life Polyclinic.